Strategic HRM Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic HRM Plan - Essay Example While it is a part of Roche Pharmaceutical’s strategic plan to recruit talent from within, the market imperative of getting the best diversified talent available to make itself innovative and competitive will compel the company to get talent from outside the company. In today’s globalized market, the criteria for getting the best talent is not only limited to competencies such as education background, skills and experiences of its human resource but also includes its diversity. Diversity is desired in a globalized market of which Roche Pharmaceutical operates because it provides the necessary perspective for the company to survive and thrive in market conditions whose cultural orientation differ from region to another. While diversity is a desirable quality in its workforce, it is not however devoid of issues. The heterogeneity of the background and orientation of a diversified workforce could not also bring conflict and could be disruptive when it is not managed carefully. Among the common cultural issues that diversity could bring in an organization are; c) Stereotypes – lumping together or generalizing judgment against people or group of people especially when its assumption is wrong. This is a hindrance against inclusiveness for it communicates subtle hostility against the people or group of people being stereotyped. These cultural issues however can be overcome by a deliberate intent of reducing prejudices and use of stereotype in the organisation. This can be further removed by constantly developing and improving the human resource that would eventually removed myopic perspectives that typecast people which are the root of prejudice. Cultural orientation as part of training and job rotation that would allow employees to widen their exposure about their job and their co-workers will also help to eventually remove the issues that are associated with a diversified workforce. A concrete diversity program that is

IPhone Product Sales Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

IPhone Product Sales Plan - Research Paper Example With the said concept as the main weapon, optimization of the features of the product can be considered as the fundamental perspective. Prior to the development of the iPhone, the mobile industry had a rough journey in terms of sales. There is a clear dependence on the network providers. Mobile phones were even viewed then as a tool to achieve services from the said mobile network. In the said view, mobile phones were cheap and features were limited (Vogelstein, 1998). In 2006, there had been a rapid increase in the number of mobile users and subscribers estimated at 2 billion all over the world. Another trend that started in the same period is the sales of mobile phones based on the technology or the features which became the onset for the development of technologies related to mobile cameras, wireless capabilities, memory capacities and other concepts that became weapons of competitive advantage (Reed Electronics Research, 2002). Basically, the development of the iPhone took advantage of the said trends and developments in the mobile industry. The technology presented by the iPhone also considered by authorities as a wave that enabled the mobile phone companies to dictate sales on the basis of the product capabilities rather than the services that the mobile networks are offering (Vogelstein, 1998). B.Flagship products The product iPhone is from the Apple Inc., a company known for product innovation and product exclusiveness which enable the company to set a price different from competitors. Apple Inc. is recognized for products such as the Mac computer, iPod, iTunes and the latest innovation iPad (Apple Inc. Website, 2010).

The role of the creative artist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The role of the creative artist - Essay Example ve important role in influencing the worldview of people and culture and further imply a declaration that worldview entails more than abstract ideas or theoretical concepts. Creative artists usually root the image-making and image-perceiving nature of people because people do not live by ideas alone. Artists normally express their affirmations and denials through paint on a canvas, tension and release of sound, music, poems, stories and drama making them more image-making and image-using creatures with the help of great images, metaphors and analogies (Essential Humanities Web). It is apparent that no one can doubt the abilities of artists especially how people organize their lives and make their decisions based on the images such as either heroes, love song, hymn, and landscape that have ideational aspect and communicate certain meanings. It is worth noting that art serve the salutary function of reminding people such as religious people and politicians that their worldview is the basis of theoretical thought inviting awareness about them. Although people may not accede to the accumulation of possessions, their minds are usually full of images of things such as big houses and fancy things, their actual behaviour may run in the direction of covetousness (Essential Humanities Web). Another good instance is when people such as Christians possess theoretical belief in the ideals of chastity and faithfulness in marriage, creative artists may fill their minds with nude images and songs of seduction that may greatly change their sexual behaviour to perhaps lust and sexual licence. Creative artists largely transform people’s worldview and further affect the quality of our life and character by the images that the artists habitually take into peoples’ minds. All creative artists transform peoples’ worldview because they usually use the language of images. For instance, visual artist applies such as paint and stone to see and touch while musicians use physical

Japanese Pornographic Animation Essay Example for Free

Japanese Pornographic Animation Essay Susan J. Napier’s â€Å"The Frenzy of Metamorphosis: The Body in Japanese Pornographic Animation† describes how both female and male bodies are depicted in Japanese animated pornography. Napier explains how male dominance over women is portrayed in the different animated films she has cited, where gender-specific roles are usually restored in the end of each film or series. For example, the female lead character in the animated film Wicked City is portrayed as a better warrior than the male lead character, but in the end she assumes the traditional role of damsel-in-distress and mother of the child that would bring peace to their city and its parallel, the Black World. Napier further highlights the often problematic and complicated depiction of male-female relationships in these films. The fantasy behind every transformation a male or female character’s body undergoes in the animated film subliminally illustrates underlying cultural backgrounds, as well as frustrations, of the Japanese. In these films, the female characters are commonly fantastically proportioned with massive breasts and hips, and tiny waists, while the male characters are similarly fantastically sexually endowed and lustful. Such depictions appear to reflect heavy Western influences. The metamorphosis of female bodies is described by Napier as â€Å"controlled† in that they are rather reflective of traditional roles and perceptions towards females in Japanese culture. Meanwhile, the metamorphosis of male bodies is described as more of â€Å"demonic dominance and comic frustration. † While they are subversive to the patriarchal culture of Japan, male bodies are portrayed in the opposite of how female bodies are portrayed. Male bodies are portrayed as either grotesquely demonic-looking or ridiculously child-like. Napier maintains that males do not always come out as the dominant character in Japanese animated pornography. I find this rather arguable as most if not all of the examples highlighted in the reading suggest the presence of a male figure whose role is either to dominate the female character or to support it. Culturally, Japanese are of control-minded and patriarchal culture where every female is traditionally submissive to a male partner. The presence of a male character, no matter how comic or demonic as depicted in the film, can be attributed to an attempt to balance out the portrayal of powers where the protagonist is a female; hence, whether the dominant role belongs to the male or female remains problematic. The presence of the male support character suggests that female characters cannot achieve great power over her adversary without him. An example of this is La Blue Girl where the lead character, a female ninja, is supported by her male ninja sidekick who is portrayed as constantly lusting after her. Napier also cites that male orgasms are depicted far less than male frustrations in these films because orgasms are viewed as a loss of patriarchal control. Patriarchal control can also be seen in the way that female orgasms are almost always depicted in these films, regardless of whether these orgasms are the result of traditional lovemaking or of sexual torture. I find that this is because of socio-cultural factors given the changes in roles of men and women in modern Japanese society. The Japanese male ego seems to be affected by this change so much that their frustration is reflected even in their animated pornographic films. Hence, Japanese animated pornography tend to portray female characters as young and non-threatening (high school girls, commonly) while male characters are either comically lustful (young or old voyeurs) or powerfully demonic. Many of the strong male characters in Japanese animated pornography are depicted as demons, making them appear threatening and ultimately powerful over the females. Even if the female lead characters are able to overcome these demonic male antagonists at the end of the film, these females are still portrayed as traditionally vulnerable to sexual violence.

Technology Push Development

Technology Push Development Part 1: Short questions Technology push development: The Pebble watch is a radical innovation. Eric Migicovsky created a watch to use whilst bike riding, the watch had to communicate with his smart phone, providing message notifications. The technology was tested but the concept was new; creating a whole new market of smart watches. Figure 1: Pebble watch (Pebble Technology, 2012) Market pull development: The digital camera is an example of this, customers wanted a product that takes more pictures and shows results instantly, through technological advances incremental changes were made to go from a standard film camera taking 36 pictures, to digital cameras that can take 1000s. Figure 2: Rugby ball evolution (Image: History-Gilbert, N.D Rugby ball Wikipedia, N.D) The above figure shows how the rugby ball has evolved over time. Left- The first rugby ball made from pigs bladder stuffed inside leather housing, the size of the bladder determined the shape and size. Middle -The first official rugby ball, this had a rubber bladder, the shape and size could be controlled, this is due to material enhancements. Officials then called for a ball that is uniform in shape and size. Due to advancements in technology and manufacturing processes, we now have the ball on the right; made from plastic and rubber. Goal: This sets out the desired result or solution we want the design to achieve. This does not state how this should be achieved. Context: The target audience / market is set out in this section, who are we designing this new product for. Constraints: In this part we specify restrictions for the design such as budget, time frame, even things like materials that should be used, is placed in this section. Criteria: Is a wish list of things we would like the design to achieve. It provides a method of how the design solutions will be graded; the design that fulfils most of the criteria will be preferable. Figure 3: Android TV box Remote control The remote above is a good piece of equipment but in my opinion it has one main design failure. The remote communicates via infrared with the TV box, meaning if there is no clear line of sight: then the remote does not function. This can be very frustrating. The TV box has WIFI and Bluetooth capabilities built in; so by removing the infrared and replacing with a Bluetooth connection we could eliminate the need for line of sight making the remote a pleasure to use. User test: A group of selected persons are asked to use a product with a specific and controlled set of instructions so everyone uses the product in exactly the same manner and normally at the same time, unlike laboratory conditions but like a controlled home environment. User trials: The group of persons are given a product to use at their own homes for a set period; they will then provide feedback on how the product fits in with their normal daily lives, the things they liked and disliked or even when and where they used the product. Figure 4: Aston Martin Rapide S (Rapide S, 2017) Figure 5: Rapide S interior (Rapide S, 2017) I have been in one of these, its a dream car. The noise the engine makes raises the hairs on your neck, the smell and feel of the interior is pure elegance (Physio-pleasure).Owning one of these would make me belong to a group of people that enjoy the finer things in life (Socio-pleasure). Sitting behind the wheel makes you feel important and powerful (Psycho-pleasure). One of Aston Martins policies is to do whatever it takes to reduce their carbon footprint; because with power comes responsibility thus we are responsible for the world we live in (Ideo-pleasure). User profile: This is a collection of the distinguishing features of a particular group of people for example people between 16-30 years old are more likely to listen to pop music than say people between 50- 70 years of age. User persona: This is a fictional user created by the designer to assist in the design process. This user will be created out of one of the user profiles and will be described in detail down to a name and character traits. Ergonomics looks at how we as humans move and what our body limitations are; to create designs that are more compatible with our bodies. This study allows designs to improve usability of the products whether it is something that sits better in the palm of your hand thereby prolonging the length of time the user can use the product without straining the body or a chair that curves with the spine to improve circulation etcetera, it all involves the study of what works best with our bodies. Figure 6: Push-button tap (Push button tap, N.D) The timed-flow tap is a good example of inclusive design, even though it is designed to supply a timed amount of water, the way it is designed means that a much larger group of people can use this tap in comparison to a regular tap, this tap can be used by people with disabilities such as arthritis or even amputees. This product can be used by many people without the need for adapting it. I have tried to think a bit more like a designer by keeping in mind what would be important to a client but also considering human factors, I found this a bit of a challenge as I am a hands on kind of guy but I understand that this needs improvement from my part. I tried to stick to the same format for my TMA as I scored well in the last TMA. Word count 936 (limit 900) Part 2: Researching and writing a design brief. Section 1: Gathering information. A product to improve fitness: Treadmills Product Area: Three of the broader market sectors use products for improving fitness; Retail sector consists of personal users, the Commercial sector contains entities such as Health clubs and the Public sector has hospitals etcetera. (AMAResearch, 2016) Cardiovascular exercise combats a range of disorders and improves overall wellbeing, thus a bicycle, treadmill or rowing machine would be a good. (Metabolic disorders, 2016) In 2015 approximately 67% of people aged between 16-54 years met the minimum recommended exercise levels in the UK; providing potentially large market areas. (Physical activity statistics 2015, 2016) Market sales for treadmills are approximately 83 million per year (Yozgat, 2014); this may not be accurate but its worth looking into treadmills. Users: Statistic shows people on higher income tend to exercise on a regular basis (Physical activity statistics 2015, 2016); aiming at the middle to top-end of the market would be ideal. The people that use treadmills tend to be those that are trying to lose weight, may have medical conditions making an exercise machine that can measure heart-rate and blood pressure in valuable. The largest group of people that exercise are aged 25 to 54, the working age; they do it to feel good or look better. (Fitnessforweightloss, 2015) Product information: Figure 7: ARGOS catalogue part 1 (ARGOS spring/summer 2017, N.D) Figure 8: ARGOS catalogue part 2 (ARGOS spring/summer 2017, N.D) The Argos catalogue showed a range of treadmills costing  £100- £3500; this includes manual treadmills and motorised treadmills. Cheaper models were less sturdy, had a smaller running surface because higher speeds cannot be achieved. Lower end models had smaller motors thus unable to maintain set speeds when an incline is introduced, creating a weight restriction for user usage. Top range models fold away electronically; this could be a safety concern for younger children. Materials Technologies: Parts Table 12 Extrusion rails 11 Electric motor 3 Treadmill belt 12 Drive unit 45 Rollers 13 Motor hood cover 6 Running deck 14 Treadmill frame 7 End cap 15 Electric circuit board 8 Elevation motor actuator 16 Control unit 9 Motor pan 17 Hand rails 10 Motor fan 18 Electric supply unit Figure 9: Basic treadmill parts( c.searspartsdirect.com,N.D) Table 1:Parts table for figure 9 The main materials are Polyurethane, Nylon-Polyester (treadmill belt), Steel or aluminium (frame) and wood (running deck). These are good materials with good properties; theyre recyclable or renewable making them environmentally friendly. Figure 10: Basic unit (Jhony, 2017) Figure 11: Advanced unit (fitness-superstore.co.uk, N.D.) As can be seen from above figures the control units can be basic to very advance; measuring all aspects of the fitness routine. Technologies already incorporated into treadmills are heart-rate monitoring sensors and blood pressure sensors. Theres opportunity to add ECG monitoring or Bio-electrical impedance for body fat measuring. I have a safety concern about treadmills that operate without a user being on it, this could cause harm to children. Word count 399 (limit 400) Section 2: Research Figure 12: Outer box Figure 13: Inner packaging Figure 14: Possibility of trapping wiring Figure 15: Cheap plastic part Figure 16: Feet rest with roller for moving Figure 17: MP3 connection User Research:User trip on a Reebok ZR9 treadmill, beginning at unpacking, assembly and first time use. During each stage I stopped and took note of my feelings, what I found interesting or disappointing. I was experiencing all four pleasures, something I have never taken notice of before, the Reebok brand made me feel like an athlete, the control unit made me feel excited about the different routines I could try out, the smooth lines of the treadmill is a pleasure to look at and professionalism is evident in all aspects. Points to note, packaging creates initial feeling of excitement and professionalism. Assembly was simple and clearly laid out, a concern is that electrical wiring could get trapped during assembly. Some parts looked cheap, not in keeping with design. Using the treadmill is user-friendly, no method of measuring weight and as I have no MP3 player the function to connect to one is of no use, create a wireless connection so any media can be played through the speakers. User trips are good for experiencing the pleasures but may be biased; I found I was willing to overlook faults. Prior operation knowledge meant I have learnt to navigate around nuisances meaning I may have missed something. I interviewed a personnel trainer at my local gym, this was very informative; I was able to learn a lot about what types of people use treadmills, when and for what reasons they use it, the trainer also pointed out some user tendencies. Interviews widen the variety of information available to you as designer. Things to note, treadmills are mainly used as a weight loss device and novice users only use the quick start function as they feel intimidated by all the different settings and functions. User Profile: I initially split my potential users into 3 groups, this was done by splitting them into age groups (15 to 23, 24-56 and 57+ years), I chose to do a user profile for the group aged between 24 to 56 years because this seems to be the group more likely to use and buy a treadmill based on their characteristics. User characteristics Treadmill users aged 24 to 56 years characteristics GenderBoth male and female. Physical limitationsMay range from fully-able bodied people to having some limitations such as, hearing and sight problems, mobility problems such as loss of a limb, can also range in shape and size. EducationLittle or no education, unable to read or write up to very high levels of education. Computer/IT skillsLikely to be well educated in computer literacy and technological advances. MotivationCan range from being well motivated to use a treadmill for social interaction, enhancing fitness state, relaxation (stress reduction) or controlling body weight to unmotivated to use it because of health reasons. AttitudeLikely to be positive depending on how effective the treadmill can provide the required training levels and features the user may be expecting. FinanceLow to high levels of income, more likely to be on higher levels of income as career tends to be well grounded at this stage. Daily physical activityMay range from being inactive due to working in an office; to very active working as a postal worker for example. Exercise equipment experienceVery likely to have experience in the use of a range of exercise equipment. LifestyleLikely to be athletic viewing exercise as fun, be sports-savvy viewing sport as a fashion statement, may be health oriented -likes to have a specific diet or may have medical reasons for keeping fit. User Persona: Leroy (Persona for the treadmill users aged 24 to 56 year group) Leroy is a 28 year old male. He works as a stock broker and earns  £80 000 per year, graduated from Queen Mary University with a MSc Wealth Management degree. Leroy is in a steady relationship with Claire, they are living in a spacious three bedroom upmarket apartment in a London suburb, it is situated near a large gym and very close to an Underground station; this makes travelling to pubs, shops and other amenities very simple. He lives a very fast paced life, takes great pride in his image. Shopping for good expensive clothing is important as this makes him stand out from others. Leroy plays squash with his friend Paul in the mornings to get him in the right frame of mind for work; this helps because he is very competitive. After work he will meet Claire at the Gym to do some cardio on the treadmill, this helps them to relax after a tough day. Having a treadmill at home will free up some time that he would appreciate spending with his friends and family. I used the persona activity to create a template for my persona, I immersed myself in to it, I imagined myself as Leroy, I know this may not be a true reflection of a real person and asking someone else to complete a persona notebook would perhaps give me views I could not imagine. Word count 849 (limit 800) Section 3: Detailed design brief Goal: To design a motorised treadmill that will improve overall fitness levels of the user according to their current state of health and well-being; with minimal programming input from the user. Context: People use treadmills for weight-loss, relaxation and stress-management or to maintain and improve their health and well-being. The main reason users dont exercise is; a lack of time, figuring out what program is best for the users goal is time consuming and confusing thus most users tend to use the basic stop start functions; making the user experience mundane and therefore the user is less likely to stay motivated. Users that have a goal to work towards or that is stimulated audio-visually are more likely to stay motivated and return to exercise more frequently. This brief provides an opportunity to challenge the traditional image of the treadmill that is seen as mundane by creating something interesting that forms part of the users everyday life. Constraints: The design must: User-centred, ease of use and functions to be self-explanatory. Energy-efficient, energy consumption must have an energy-efficiency rating of A or better. Non-moving parts to last lifespan of the design. All parts must be recyclable or come from a renewable source. Ready for market launch within a maximum of 5 years. To retail at approximately  £750. Able to connect with a variety of devices. Maintain a maximum speed of up to 16 km per hour with a maximum user load of up to 140kg. The running-deck must have a minimum running area of 135cm x 46cm. Mains operated. Be safe and reliable Criteria: The design should: Usable by able bodied and disable bodied users, limitations can include sight problems, hearing-loss and loss of limbs or mobility issues such as arthritis. Appeal to male and female users aged between 16-56 years. Require little to no maintenance. Assembly should be simple and easy to follow. Able to be stored neatly and compactly. Be easy to move during storage. Word Count 324 (limit 300) References ARGOS (2017) ARGOS spring / summer 2017, ARGOS. Aston Martin Rapide S (2017) Aston Martin. Available at: http://www.astonmartin.com/cars/rapide-s (Accessed: 4 February 2017). C.Searspartsdirect.com (No Date) Available at: http://c.searspartsdirect.com/lis_png/PLDM/P9110011-00001.png (Accessed: 6 February 2017). FitnessforWeightLoss (2015) Gym statistics: Members, equipment, and cancellations. Available at: http://www.fitnessforweightloss.com/gym-statistics-members-equipment-and-cancellations/ (Accessed: 4 February 2017). Fitness-Superstore.co.uk (No Date) Available at: http://www.fitness-superstore.co.uk/technogym-spazio-forma-folding-treadmill-with-training-link.html (Accessed: 3 January 2017). FreeGreatPicture (2016) Free photo man sports competition game Racquetball exercise. Available at: http://maxpixel.freegreatpicture.com/Man-Sports-Competition-Game-Racquetball-Exercise-89823 (Accessed: 9 February 2017). Image: History Gilbert (no date) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gilbertsa.co.za%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F01%2Fhistory31.jpgimgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gilbertsa.co.za%2Fhistory%2Fdocid=8eSbVl-aVYRhrMtbnid=wdHhJhz5Z8ZayM%3Avet=1w=725h=275bih=636biw=1242q=rugby%20ball%20historyved=0ahUKEwjGo7jm0vbRAhXBD8AKHW8oAyoQMwgeKAIwAgiact=mrcuact=8#h=275imgrc=wdHhJhz5Z8ZayM:vet=1w=725 (Accessed: 4 February 2017). Image: Rugby ball Wikipedia (no date) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F3%2F35%2FRichard_Lindon_(1816-1887).jpg%2F150px-Richard_Lindon_(1816-1887).jpgimgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRugby_balldocid=lW8pE2oOw1kUKMtbnid=JYnP6tWeXFBirM%3Avet=1w=150h=218bih=636biw=1242q=rugby%20ball%20historyved=0ahUKEwjGo7jm0vbRAhXBD8AKHW8oAyoQMwgpKA0wDQiact=mrcuact=8#h=218imgrc=JYnP6tWeXFBirM:vet=1w=150 (Accessed: 4 February 2017). Jhony (2017) Buy Opti manual folding treadmill at Argos.Co.Uk your online shop for treadmills, fitness equipment, sports and leisure. Available at: http://www.argos.co.uk/product/6127743 (Accessed: 6 February 2017). Metabolic disorders (2016) Available at: http://www.technogym.com/gb/business-solution/metabolic-disorders/ (Accessed: 3 January 2017). Pebble Technology (2012) Pebble watch trio group 04 Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pebble_watch_trio_group_04.png (Accessed: 23 January 2017). Physical activity statistics 2015 (2016) Available at: https://www.bhf.org.uk/publications/statistics/physical-activity-statistics-2015 (Accessed: 4 January 2017). Push button tap (no date) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=push+button+tapespv=2biw=1242bih=636source=lnmstbm=ischsa=Xved=0ahUKEwjh3-aK1_bRAhVTOMAKHZ7gACkQ_AUIBygC#imgrc=AQF6rJotS-erZM: (Accessed: 4 February 2017). The Open University (2013) Designing for people: Book 2, Milton Keynes, The Open University. Yozgat, B. (2014) How many treadmills are sold each year? Available at: http://www.howmanyarethere.net/how-many-treadmills-are-sold-each-year/ (Accessed: 4 January 2017). (The references are not included in the word count)

Facts about African American History Essay -- essays research papers

FACTS ABOUT AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY I. Introduction to Afro-American History   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Central theme-Quest for 1. Freedom, 2. Equality, 3. Manhood/Women Suffrage   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Reasons for the Afro-American Movement-1. Record sake, 2. Inspirational   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sake, 3. Fight for the concept that blacks are inferior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Africanism-anything that has an African origin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  D. Eras of History- Ancient (Stone Age), Medieval (Dark Ages History), Modern   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Reform), & Current II. Discuss the four group of Black Historians.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - The Author of Black Historians is Dr. Thrope.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -The Beginning School-Rope to justify Emancipation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -The Middle School-Builder of Black Studies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -The Layman School-Untrained Historians   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -The New School-Professional Historians   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first historian was George Washington Williams. John Rustwrum   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  was the black undergraduate historian to graduate from Harvard. III. Fathers of History   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Carter G. Woodson-Father of Negro History ( Founder of Black History Day)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Charles Wesley & Monroe Clark-Father of African American Studies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Herodotus-who was Greek, Father of History in General-He wrote his history   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in Hodge Podgy, meaning something thrown together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  D. Thucydides-Father of Scientific History IV. Review of the Browder Files by Anthony T. Browder.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Introduction-Why can’t African American reunite as a race?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. We don’t know our heritage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. We fail to produce the thing s we need.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. We have a loss of sense of family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  &nb... ...deal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with. Example: County schools have higher scores than city schools.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Emancipatory-used to helps resolve contradictions between practical and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   technical knowledge. It is a knowledge that can be used to change negative   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   conditions into positive conditions in order to improve the life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   chances/experiences for black people. Example: County schools may have   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   better teachers. Important to Know Africa is the birthplace of humanity. Africa had 3 main kingdoms-Ghana, Mali and Songhai Bicades Sudan means land of black people. Kongo means land of Black Smith Egypt was once known has hemit, which means land of blacks. Africa was called Ethopia, which means land of black skin. NPCRO means dead. MANCY means worship, honor, & celebrate the dead. Griots-oral historians Human life began in Eastern Africa about 160,000 years ago.

Cocaine and the Nervous System Essay examples -- Drug Drugs Coke Cocai

Cocaine and the Nervous System All drugs have a negative effect on the nervous system, but few can match the dramatic impact of cocaine. Cocaine is one of the most potent, addictive, and unpredictable recreational drugs, and thus can cause the most profound and irreversible damage to the nervous system. The high risk associated with cocaine remains the same regardless of whether the drug is snorted, smoked, or injected into the user ¡Ã‚ ¯s bloodstream. In addition to the intense damage cocaine can cause to the liver, intestines, heart, and lungs, even casual use of the drug will impair the brain and cause serious damage to the central nervous system. Although cocaine use affects many components of the body, including vision and appetite, the most significant damage cause by cocaine takes place in the brain and central nervous system. Spanish explorers first observe South American natives chewing the cocoa leaf, from which cocaine is derived, when they arrived on the continent in 16th century. The South Americans chewed these cocoa leaves in order to stay awake for longer periods of time. Centuries after this initial discovery, Albert Neiman isolated cocaine from the cocoa leaf in 1860. Neiman used this extraction as an anesthetic. Over the ensuing years, cocaine use became increasingly common and was even sanctioned by doctors, who prescribed the drug to aid recovering alcoholics. Cocaine was even a key ingredient in such popular beverages as Coca- Cola. It was not until the long-term health problems associated with cocaine use emerged that the public realized that the drug was harmful and highly addictive (2). Cocaine is a versatile drug which can be ingested in a variety of ways. In its purest form, coc... ...te an artificial high. Cocaine can cause serious damage to the nervous system, as it eats away chunks of the brain and increases blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature, often for the rest of the addict ¡Ã‚ ¯s life. Sources Cited: 1)Drug information: Cocaine http://www.theantidrug.com/drug_info/drug_info_cocaine.asp 2)Cocaine http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/coca.html 3)The Effects of Cocaine on the Developing Nervous System https://cognet.mit.edu/login/?return_url=%2Flibrary%2Ferefs%2Fnelson%2Fn33%2Fabstract.html 4)The Physical Effects of Cocaine http://www.shesinrecovery.com/addiction/cocaineeffects.html 5)As a Matter of Fact http://www.well.com/user/woa/fscoke.htm 6)Crack and Cocaine http://www.nida.nih.gov/Infofacts/cocaine.html 7)Cocaine Brain Damage may be Permanent http://www.healthy.net/asp/templates/news.asp?Id=6376