Dumping essays

Dumping expositions The World Trade Organization Agreement on dumping characterizes it comprehensively as an organization sending out an item at a value lower than the value it ordinarily charges on its home market for a like item. At the point when merchandise are imported at a cost beneath the residential makers value, cries of out of line rivalry and dumping are frequently heard. Weight is applied among the nations government to plan something for ensure their market against the imported items. The legislature may force obligations to the imported item under three WTO understandings. The Anti-dumping Agreement and The Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures make a move against those shippers who are bringing in at uncalled for import costs. The third understanding, The Safeguard Agreement, makes a move when the import cost is reasonable yet the imports are truly harming local creation. Residential organizations can demand defend activity if the piece of the overall industry of imports woul d some way or another considerably increment. This generally includes the commitment of quantitative limitations on imports, however these can't be focused at a particular nation. Hostile to dumping arrangements, then again, permit countries to fight back against explicit exchanging accomplices who are trading merchandise at costs lower than those that flourish in their local markets. This counter for the most part includes charging a compensatory obligation to bring the cost of a particular decent from a particular nation back to an ordinary cost. At long last, countervailing duties are measures intended to diminish the impact of remote sponsorship programs. All are expected to be transient activities that settle the issues rapidly. Anyway as observed in many dumping cases worldwide that is regularly not the situation. At the point when a nation accepts that products are being dumped into their nation, the initial step they can take is to document a conventional grumbling against the shipper. The residential government, in light of point by point requirem ... <!

Guerilla Warfare Essays

Guerilla Warfare Essays Guerilla Warfare Essay Guerilla Warfare Essay Jared NorthridgeEnglish IIMrs. Davidson8 March 2012Guerrilla WarfarePicture yourself as an American fighter strolling through a wilderness. The main commotions you hear are the drops of dampness ricocheting off the leaves of the trees and the strides of different officers in your unit. You are in a remote nation you have never known about, battling for a reason you don’t completely comprehend. You are in a little Asian nation called Vietnam performing look and decimate missions, scanning for your foes and afterward killing them. You are in a town looking for the Viet Cong. You have all the inhabitants of the town arranged. They’re all in a frenzy and you do not understand what they’re saying. Out of nowhere you’re being shot at from one of the cottages. A portion of the individuals you thought were only inhabitants of the little wilderness town are currently executing off your unit, your siblings. Through frenzy of the residents and sound of shots flying p ast your head, you conclude it is simply best to rests and pause. The before you know it the shooting has halted, and you hear the sound of certain individuals running profound into the timberland. You were only the casualty of guerrilla warfare.A part of wars have been lost in light of guerrilla fighting. Two models are the United States Vietnam War and the French’s attack of Spain. Guerrilla fighting is â€Å"the utilization of attempt at manslaughter strategies by little, versatile gatherings of sporadic powers working in an area constrained by an antagonistic, normal force† (â€Å"Guerilla† p1).The Vietnam War was battled from November 1, 1955, to April 30, 1975. The Vietnam War was battled between North Vietnam, and their socialist partners, and South Vietnam, upheld by the United States and other non-socialist nations (â€Å"Vietnam† p1). The North Vietnamese had a distinct advantage called the Viet Cong (p7). The Viet Cong are â€Å"South Vietname se guerrilla force† (p7). The war was a difficult task for the United States and South Vietnamese, in light of the fact that the Viet Cong were utilizing their guerrilla

A Slip Of The Lip

A Slip Of The Lip A Slip Of The Lip A Slip Of The Lip By Sharon Its simple to entangle when talking or composing, however what do you call the outcomes when you do? Half a month back, I expounded on eggcorns. These are blunders in which individuals surmise wrongly the importance, cause and spelling of specific articulations. A model would compose or saying defect in the salve rather than fly in the balm. Another mistake, put on the map by Sheridans Mrs Malaprop, is the malapropism. On the off chance that you intend to state a certain something, however utilize a comparable sounding word that implies something totally extraordinary, at that point that is the thing that youve done. Model: A drifter assembles no moths. (greenery) Like an eggcorn, yet normally occurring with tunes and sonnets, is the mondegreen. In the tune The Bonny Earl of Murray, the line (hae laid) him on the green was confused as Lady Mondegreen. Different instances of mondegreens, gathered by writer Jon Carroll, include: Climb Every Woman (Im Every Woman, by Chaka Khan) I Was Barney Rubble (I Was Born A Rebel, by Tom Petty) Falling on my head like a newt moving (falling on my head like another feeling, from Here Comes The Rain Again, Eurythmics) A lot more mondegreens are accessible here (Update: SFGate article not, at this point on the web). At last, spoonerisms come about because of transposing the underlying hints of words. Named after minister William Archibald Spooner, the subsequent words as a rule incite storms of chuckling. Models from Spooner himself include: It is presently kisstomary to cuss the lady of the hour. (standard to kiss the lady of the hour) You have tasted two worms (squandered two terms) Our Lord is a pushing panther (adoring shepherd) A lot more Spoonerisms are accessible on Fun with Words. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Expressions class, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals15 Types of DocumentsPeople versus People

Materials of Logistics in Management Essay Example for Free

Materials of Logistics in Management Essay The productivity of any assembling association relies upon the accessibility of segment parts and materials in the correct amount, quality, value, range and time. Disappointment in any of these regions expands expenses and diminishes benefit as unquestionably as old fashioned creation strategies or ineffectual selling procedures. This basic however evident point has as of late come to be appropriately comprehended. This book presents the standards, techniques and methodologies that speak to the cutting edge way to deal with materials the board in all divisions of the economy. In breaking down business activities, the expression Value-added concept1 is frequently used to describe the distinction between the expense of part materials and the selling cost of the completed item. This distinction in esteem speaks to the one of a kind commitment of every association to the creation procedure. Numerous organizations produce segment parts and materials for different firms fabricating specific items Remanded by the clients. On a normal, an assembling firm purchases marginally the greater part of the rupee estimation of its deals. As it were, the worth included is ordinarily under 50 percent of its deals. On the other hand, the normal organization buys materials esteemed at the greater part of what it sells. In this manner, an organizations benefit is to a huge degree dictated by how successfully it obtains and deals with these materials. The hierarchical methodology known as materials the board has picked up legitimacy as of late. Creation and activities supervisors thought that it was important to build up a composed collection of information identified with arranging, securing and use of materials during the time spent creation and it has brought about the order known as mate-rials the board. All exercises engaged with bringing materials into and through the plant are consolidated under one head known as materials chief. By giving the materials supervisor by and large position, obligation is concentrated to guarantee that the general expense of materials is kept at the most reduced conceivable level. The essential reason for this hierarchical change is to conquered the issues of clashing destinations. For cample, buy divisions worry to guarantee consistent gracefully of segment materials may strife with he stock control offices target to limit stock levels or the goal of delivery in full vehicle load parcels. Today associations see acquirement as an expert action incorporating exercises engaged with getting materials at least cost, shipping them and giving stockpiling and advancing toward the creation procedure. It likewise incorporates monetary examination of flexibly (I. e. , buy financial aspects), request and costs and the appraisal of global occasions that influence materials. * advancement of materials the executives Historically, the five ‘M’s of assembling firms viz. Men, Materials, Machines, Money and Methods have moved their situations every now and then in their relative significance. In the beginning of industrialization, the attention was on men (work) as they were the primary wellspring of profitable force. Over some stretch of time, the accentuation moved towards machines, which turned into the principle wellspring of modern force after the Industrial Revolution. As the techniques for creation turned out to be increasingly more perplexing because of the expanded client interest for modern results of top notch, there was more prominent need of proficient administration to deal with the unpredictable creation frameworks. In the mid 1920s, buying and keeping up supply of materials was the duty of buying directors or boss controllers of buying and stores in numerous ventures. During and following World War II the attention moved on different capacities related with materials, for example, buying, accepting, investigating, putting away, protecting, taking care of, giving, bookkeeping, shipping and arranging overflow and out of date materials. These capacities gathered under one basic head known as materials director and the division answerable for every one of these exercises came to be known as materials the executives office. Yet, the head of materials the board office played out a staff capacity to help the creation office and needed to answer to the creation head (executive of creation) in the authoritative chain of importance. The oil emergency of the 1970s changed the needs of enterprises everywhere throughout the world. The extreme climb in oil costs and the substantial spending portions on oil made the businesses to control their consumption on the information sources, for the most part materials of assorted types as a result of the huge degree to decrease the costs on materials. Since the start of twentieth century, materials have been getting increasingly more consideration and will keep on doing as such later on moreover. Presently a days material has* become a significant and unavoidable contribution of a creation framework since the expense of materials and cost on materials (cost brought about in buying and putting away the materials) set up represent 50 to 85% of the creation cost contingent upon the idea of the item and the kind of the creation framework. Current assembling associations received frameworks way to deal with the board, which brought about the coordinated materials the board idea. All capacities identified with materials, for example, materials arranging, buying, putting away and stock control were coordinated under materials the executives work. The situation of the leader of the coordinated materials the executives office was raised to be comparable to heads of other utilitarian territories viz. creation, account and HR. * significance of materials in assembling associations Materials are any wares utilized straightforwardly or in a roundabout way in delivering an item or administration, for example, crude materials, segment parts, congregations and supplies. In the assembling associations, the significant sources of info are alluded to as 5 Ms viz. Men (Labor), Machines, Money, Materials and Methods. The relative significance among these five Ms have moved every once in a while. In the start of industrialisation the attention was on machines, men (work) and strategies, however from around 1970 onwards the accentuation is on materials. Material is a significant and inescapable information gi J creation framework since the expense of materials and cost on materials (cost caused in buying and putting away the materials) set up represent 50 to 85* of the creation cost contingent upon the idea of the item and the kind of the creation framework * significance of materials the executives The executives of materials in many associations is significant to their prosperity on the grounds that the expense of buying, putting away, moving and delivering materials represent over portion of the items cost. Improving profitability is an essential factor in confronting the test of rivalry and this includes driving down the expense of all parts of business exercises. Since there is most extreme extent of cost decrease in the territory of materials, carrying out the responsibility of proficient and powerful administration of materials is viewed as the way to higher efficiency.

Logistics in Practice

Official Summary Foreign speculators have grasped the open entryway arrangement and minimal effort work, existing in China to grow their organizations. In China, most worldwide organizations have spread across significant urban areas, for example, Beijing, shanghai and Guangdong districts, which give good business condition to development. On the other hand, since joining the World Trade Organization, WTO, in 2002, additional open doors for Chinese have taken root.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Logistics in Practice explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the nation increases in; expanded exchanging territory, assurance guidelines and arrangement power (Yu Xia and Li-Ping, 2011).Despite of significant advancement accomplished in flexibly chain the executives by the legislature, there still a requirement for development, to viably manage pacing globalization, advancing innovation and rivalry allowed by comparable firms all around. Difficulties influencing Chinese firms have looped around coordinations the board, lawful condition and framework. In any case, with legitimate changes, grasping current innovation and globalization, it is unmistakable that the calculated condition will watch out for another upper hand to coordinations firms in the nation. Western nations have, extra time in redoing their gracefully chain tasks. Investigating openings past their outskirts, grasping financially savvy techniques and government support has been a main thrust for their prosperity. Be that as it may, issues, for example, versatility of flexibly chain, information security danger and regular disasters have hindered their quality. Presentation Globalization of exchange and mechanical movement of organizations over the world have improved exchange between nations. Deliberately, this has fixed an open door for nations to smooth out their coordinations the executives practices to make an upper hand (Sandelands, 1997). Nations have unendi ngly connected their gracefully chain to worldwide systems to profit by the open doors existing inside their national extension. The worldwide systems have given a detailed coordinations framework, which has bring about enlarging operational productivity, quick item conveyance and accomplishing the business destinations. This paper inquires about on coordinations and tasks the executives in China and Western nations. The paper investigates the prescribed procedures, difficulties, patterns and basic issues of gracefully chain activities and the executives forms existing between these two countries.Advertising Looking for report on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Information about China Despite ongoing worldwide downturn, money related fiascos, and monetary downturn, China has remained as one of the most dynamic and developing economies on the planet. This has undermined financial powerhouses of the W est. In any case, Sandelands (1997) contends that remote firms or speculators in China have experienced strategic difficulties in wording because of an extensive degree of business wisdom in the neighborhood Chinese market. They have refered to reasons, for example, un-smoothed out coordinations tasks and the board rehearses due to the expanded or quick monetary development, and request in conveyance ( Sandelands, 1997). On the other hand, the Chinese government, as of late, has perceived the test, and has genuinely started patching up its coordinations tasks and the board, as an instrument for key financial development. This has been accomplished through financing coordinations firms, refining coordinations frameworks, making an across the nation multimodal transport system and building an enormous scope calculated focus (Lin and Ho, 2009). Writing Review Best Practices Technology is fundamental in smoothing out gracefully chain exercises. As per Jiang and Prater (2002), while choo sing and actualizing innovation in gracefully chain activities, it is crucial to characterize a strategic component, and business forms. It is an insightful choice to survey the requirements of the client and assess the requirement for innovation in explaining the customers’ need. La Londe and Masters (1994) bears witness to that, surfacing with unequivocal prerequisites may demonstrate extreme and numerous organizations neglect to take care of business. This is on the grounds that most organizations harp on distinguishing direct expenses and investment funds instead of, measuring basic components, for example, stock and work, and shrouded costs. While choosing innovation, it is acceptable to grasp the arrival on speculation, RIO, as the benchmark; this guarantees substantial advantages are accomplished all the while (Moncrieff et al, 2003). China has recently, fused innovation in gracefully chain tasks and the executives. The web driven innovation, for example, EDI is regula r across gracefully chain preparing organizations in the country.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Logistics in Practice explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) has disentangled sharing of business archives, for example, charges, buy requests and solicitations (La Londe and Masters, 1994). In addition, sharing data over the EDI has empowered fast reaction to showcase requests and forecast of market changes. The West flexibly chains have additionally productively used innovation in gracefully chain activities. Most strategic firms have executed advances to rearrange business procedures and activities. One of the advancements making upper hand for Western firms is the RFID. As per Lin and Ho (2009), RFID is an innovation that improves following procedure of items, as they move from the producers to the purchaser. Drã ¶ge, and Germain (1991) delineate that best practice in material’s taking care of diminish contact work, underpins esteem include activities and aides in taking care of various assembling situations. Be that as it may, to win this best practice, materials-taking care of frameworks ought to be moderate other than spanning free data stream in the business, and the providers. Most West coordinations firms, for example, the US have grasped E-trade; this has diminished the issue of material dealing with by making an upper hand (La Londe and Masters, 1994). In the US, organizations, for example, Wal-Mart, Amazon, e-straight has effectively limited material dealing with through online business (Lieb, 1992). As per Manuj and Sahin (2011) having a flexibly chain that furnishes a client with item customization, and assorted variety through additional worth administrations, is having the best practice that is effective. That is, does exactly what a client request (Manuj and Sahin, 2011). In Spain for instance, it is a necessary for a business to look at its activities with a refresh ed records of yesterday’s challenges just as estimating on future upgrades (Drã ¶ge, and Germain, 1991). Difficulties of flexibly chain the board in China and the West China has encountered a few difficulties in gracefully chain the executives for quite a while. This, to a bigger broaden has influenced flexibly chain organizations in the nation. The difficulties have waterlogged different parts of flexibly chain the board; warehousing, transport, buying, stock control, request preparing and import/send out services.Advertising Searching for report on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More As per Jiang and Prater (2002), these obstructions have emerged on account of the inside wastefulness. For instance, Jiang and Prater (2002) attract that most assembling firms China have been confronting significant difficulties in transport and responsibility for administrations. These difficulties have influenced the degree of satisfaction in giving vehicle administrations. In his study, Drã ¶ge and Germain (1991) investigated difficulties confronting Joint Ventures in China; he noticed that there was a test in maintaining a concurrent quality level, though diminishing expenses by buying assets locally. Exceptional Features of Supply Chain The models of the coordinations and flexibly chain are firmly related. Gracefully chain supports all the jobs and exercises tied in satisfying a customer’s demand. These exercises incorporate; fabricating, shipping, warehousing and flexibly of crude materials and the (Yu Xia and Li-Ping, 2011). The job of a gracefully chain involves a con sistent progression of data, change and conveyance of merchandise from crude materials stage all the way to the finish client. The significant explanation that fixes the accomplishment of a flexibly chain is the procedure of incorporation among purchasers and providers, the framework that connections accomplices and the market keenness on the base of data instead of stock. Gracefully Chain has remarkable highlights, which makes it exceptional in succeeding its assignments. One of the highlights is stock administration. This component empowers a firm to follow and oversee supplies of crude materials and constituents required for creation, completed or finished products to achieve open deals requests and extra parts required for field administration and food. This aides in limiting waste, stockpiling expenses and opens up the firm for other fundamental purposes (Jiang, 2002). Request the board is likewise another exceptional element of a gracefully chain. Request the executives moves in accelerating the execution of the entire procedure of request to conveyance cycle by making firms to gainfully create and follow deals orders (Ip et al, 2011). This office likewise makes dynamism in booking gracefully conveyance, to achieve a request and increase a fast age of estimating and item arrangement. Globalization has made organizations to grow immensely, accepting up open doors existing in remote terrains. Coordinations, an administration highlight associated with gracefully chain streamlines coordination of overflowing distribution centers and transport courses reinforcing on-time conveyance execution making consumer loyalty (Yu Xia and Li-Ping, 2011). In addition, coordinations the board assists with accomplishing client item perceivability and shows how a finished item, put away and dist

Course 18

Course 18 As some of you may know, I am majoring in math and economics. Michelle has already written a lovely post about Course 14 (economics); I want to also talk a little about my experience being Course 18 and how it has differed from my experience doing math in high school. Basics: There are four types of math major at MITâ€"pure math, general math, applied math, and math with computer science. I do pure math, which will be the subject of this blog post. It’s important to note that there are significant differences among the different tracksâ€"applied math has a whole different set of requirements, of which I have taken very few, and general math has super flexible requirements. Math with computer science, or 18C, requires several computer science classes and math classes that double as computer science classes; I have also taken very few of those. My perspective is that of someone who has been firmly on the pure math track for a few years and who hasnt taken many of the more applied or CS-related classes. So let me now talk about my pure math classes. The requirements are: one differential equations class, a real analysis class, two algebra classes, one topology class, one additional analysis class (manifolds, functional analysis, or Fourier analysis), one or two seminars (depending on whether you took the “communication-intensive” version of real analysis or another “communication-intensive” class), and at least two additional math classes of your choosing. Heres a page describing the communciation-intensive math classesbasically, theyre math classes with a heavy writing/presentation component, so that math majors learn how to talk and write (in LaTeX) about their work. I recently realized that I am almost done with my major requirements (as in, I just dropped the one remaining class that would fill them out. It has been very abstract and mentally demanding but also satisfying). My college math classes require a lot more mental legwork than my high school ones did, in the sense that I’ve had to do much more struggling and wrestling with many new abstract concepts in my head for long periods of time, and it has been difficult! But worth it!! Differences from high school: I think I came into college with the expectation that my classes would be noticeably harder and more time-consuming than they were in high school, and for the most part that turned out to be true, though they ramped up in difficulty gradually rather than all at once. However, I also used to have the sense that I could learn anything I wanted as fast as I wanted, and I have definitely changed my mind on this front and come to terms with my limits in the past 2.5 years of school. One thing I want to note is that if you don’t think high-school math is particularly exciting or do math competitions, but you like to think about abstract concepts, please do keep an open mind about college math classes! My math classes in high school demanded a lot of memorization, and the problem-solving often turned out to be pretty algorithmic. Apply the concept you learned in class to a problem like the one from class, but with different numbers. After a certain amount of “training,” a sizeable chunk of competition math was like this for me, too. Specifically, I got better at math competitions by taking a lot of old practice tests, so that many of the problems I encountered were variations on old problems I had seen before. I guess I performed moderately well at math competitions, and they were part of what made me want to come to MIT, but I don’t think they were particularly good at showing me what being a math major would be like. Some things haven’t changedâ€"as in high school, it helps to do practice problems, so you’re familiar with all the possible concepts and theorems you might be able to apply on an exam. It’s just that now there isn’t often enough time to practice enough, depending on what the rest of your schedule looks like. Also, theres less emphasis on memorizing material for exams, and homework is often weighted equally with exams. As a whole, homework is served in larger chunks than it is in high school, so its important to learn to manage your time. There are also fewer examples in class and fewer problems that are near identical to those in the textbook. Finally, a big change is that everything is proof-based (as I write this, I struggle to remember what it meant for math to not be proof-based). You’re basically given an ever-expanding toolbox of definitions and lemmas and theorems and have to tinker until you can assemble them into solutions to the problems you’re asked to solveâ€" it is a creative activity with strict rules and very little grounding in reality and applications. A great benefit of college math classes (besides GIRs) is that they’re full of people who actively like to think about math, and hopefully, if you’re a math major, you think math is pretty cool, too. It’s nice doing math with no expectation that it will be applicable in any way. I recently had to teach a section of a textbook for my math seminar, and it was all about applying the theory in the previous sections of the book to a physics problem (the displacement of a cantilever beam at rest with only the force of gravity acting on it, if you’re interested!!!). Even though I was tasked with presenting this part of the book, it was definitely not the section of the book I would consider the most interesting. I personally thought the fact that the material was applicable to a physics problem was much less exciting than the proofs in the previous sections. I am pretty sure no one is taking that seminar to learn about the ways in which math is applicable to physics. The main trend I have noticed is that math in college is much more intellectually stimulating and abstract than what I encountered in high school. By the way, if youre at all peeved by the way math is taught in your high school, or curious about what math is like when its separated from its applications, I urge you to read Lockhart’s Lament, which was required reading for the communication-intensive real analysis class (18.100C, now renamed 18.100Q) I took my freshman spring. It criticizes math education in grade school and argues that math is an artistic and creative pursuit that is not taught as suchâ€"but should be. He laments the fact that students find math boring and suggests that the mainstream pedagogy is at fault. Struggles: It really helps to develop a strong intuitive understanding of the material you’re learning, although sometimes it gets difficult because there are no good analogies to real life. Sometimes you get stuck rereading a definition over and over and over, trying to flip back to earlier definitions that the current definition refers to in an effort to regain understanding of all the concepts that the concept at hand relies on, but to no avail, because there’s some other relevant concept from a math class you took two years ago that you need to revisit, so you look it up on Wikipedia, but by the time you understand it again, you forget what you were originally looking at, so you’re left scrambling to retrace the string of things you referred to, and at this point you still haven’t even started to solve the actual problem… Sometimes. But most of the time it’s not that bad. Sometimes it’s just tedious, and sometimes you have to write out long expressions with a lot of symbols in order to rigorously explain something that’s much easier to explain intuitively. Lockharts Lament is nice, but at some point you also have to buckle down and slosh around in tedium and make sure that all your symbols are written correctly. Getting used to math in college and dealing with impostors syndrome: I took 18.022 my freshman fall and found that it helped ease me into the sort of proofs and thinking that the rest of my math classes required. Perhaps if I had jumped immediately into 18.100 I would have been overwhelmed; I know for sure that I wouldn’t have been able to handle 18.701. There are people who can, and seeing other freshmen sail through more advanced classes definitely freaked me out at times and stoked my first touches of impostor’s syndrome. Now, though, I don’t think I can adequately stress the importance of not going too fast. Because math classes often rely on definitions and material from prerequisites, these prerequisites are often super useful, unless youve actually learned the exact material from the class you want to skip. Of course, there are exceptions, but I often find it a lot more difficult to grasp mathematical concepts that Ive forgotten or skipped than to pick up other new material, like a programming language. I took 18.701 sophomore fall, and I attempted to take 18.702 last spring, but I ended up dropping it because I was overwhelmed by all the other stuff I was trying to do/learn. I was taking 18.125 concurrently. This semester, I once again made the poor choice of taking three math classes simultaneously, but I ended up dropping one of them last week because I simply could not handle it. I did not have enough time or energy to wrap my head around all the material, and I’m finally (finally) coming to recognize the importance of learning things well and deeply rather than learning them as fast as possible. Bear in mind that this sequence just happens to be what I ended up with, and it is not a recommendation that everybody should take those classes in this order. I am hesitant to give general advice about what classes to take and when because it depends so much on your personal background and how much time you have to devote to the class! A relevant article about impostors syndrome and the feeling of racing to learn math is “The Wrong Way to Treat Child Geniuses” by Jordan Ellenberg, a former “child prodigy” who is now a math professor at UW-Madison. This one might be particularly relevant to people who didn’t grow up being praised for being “good at math” or winning awards at math competitions. (This one’s also particularly hard to access without a WSJ subscription, sigh…) I’ve reproduced a relevant paragraph below: One of the most painful aspects of teaching mathematics is seeing my students damaged by the cult of the genius. That cult tells students that its not worth doing math unless youre the best at mathbecause those special few are the only ones whose contributions really count. We dont treat any other subject that way. Ive never heard a student say, I like Hamlet, but I dont really belong in AP Englishthat child who sits in the front row knows half the plays by heart, and he started reading Shakespeare when he was 7! Basketball players dont quit just because one of their teammates outshines them. But I see promising young mathematicians quit every year because someone in their range of vision is ahead of them. I think that MIT students, especially freshmen, are prone to psyching themselves out comparing themselves to all the people around them who have won the IMO or who were doing calculus in middle schoolâ€"but Ellenberg points out that this type of thinking sounds absurd when applied to other fields and skillsand there is no reason that it should apply to math more than any other field. One of the first math majors I met at MIT had never done math competitions in high school and hadnt had much exposure to higher-level math (i.e. calculus and beyond) coming into MIT, but he loved the math classes he was taking in college, so he began to register for more and more of them until he was thinking seriously about pursuing it as a profession. He was initially intimidated by his peers but enjoyed math so much that it was not a chore at all for him to devote significant amounts of time to mastering his coursework. He later became involved in research and is now pursuing his PhD in math at MIT! In summary, if you think math is cool, please consider continuing to study it in college, but bear in mind that college classes arent exactly like high school classes. And if you dont think math is cool, maybe it hast to do with the way math is taught in your school. Or maybe notnot everyone is destined to be a math major! And if youre intimidated and convinced that youll never be good enough at math, because other people seem to be so far ahead, well thats almost certainly not the caseits much more important that you enjoy the subject and dont try to jump ahead so quickly that you lose enjoyment of the subject in an attempt to catch up. If anyone has specific questions about classes or anything like that, I would also be happy to try to help you individually. I know I have been pretty absent from the blogslife update coming soonbut Im getting back in the swing of things. Sending you all strength and luck for pi day and all subsequent college and major choosing! Post Tagged #Course 18 - Mathematics #Imposter's Syndrome

Course 18

Course 18 As some of you may know, I am majoring in math and economics. Michelle has already written a lovely post about Course 14 (economics); I want to also talk a little about my experience being Course 18 and how it has differed from my experience doing math in high school. Basics: There are four types of math major at MITâ€"pure math, general math, applied math, and math with computer science. I do pure math, which will be the subject of this blog post. It’s important to note that there are significant differences among the different tracksâ€"applied math has a whole different set of requirements, of which I have taken very few, and general math has super flexible requirements. Math with computer science, or 18C, requires several computer science classes and math classes that double as computer science classes; I have also taken very few of those. My perspective is that of someone who has been firmly on the pure math track for a few years and who hasnt taken many of the more applied or CS-related classes. So let me now talk about my pure math classes. The requirements are: one differential equations class, a real analysis class, two algebra classes, one topology class, one additional analysis class (manifolds, functional analysis, or Fourier analysis), one or two seminars (depending on whether you took the “communication-intensive” version of real analysis or another “communication-intensive” class), and at least two additional math classes of your choosing. Heres a page describing the communciation-intensive math classesbasically, theyre math classes with a heavy writing/presentation component, so that math majors learn how to talk and write (in LaTeX) about their work. I recently realized that I am almost done with my major requirements (as in, I just dropped the one remaining class that would fill them out. It has been very abstract and mentally demanding but also satisfying). My college math classes require a lot more mental legwork than my high school ones did, in the sense that I’ve had to do much more struggling and wrestling with many new abstract concepts in my head for long periods of time, and it has been difficult! But worth it!! Differences from high school: I think I came into college with the expectation that my classes would be noticeably harder and more time-consuming than they were in high school, and for the most part that turned out to be true, though they ramped up in difficulty gradually rather than all at once. However, I also used to have the sense that I could learn anything I wanted as fast as I wanted, and I have definitely changed my mind on this front and come to terms with my limits in the past 2.5 years of school. One thing I want to note is that if you don’t think high-school math is particularly exciting or do math competitions, but you like to think about abstract concepts, please do keep an open mind about college math classes! My math classes in high school demanded a lot of memorization, and the problem-solving often turned out to be pretty algorithmic. Apply the concept you learned in class to a problem like the one from class, but with different numbers. After a certain amount of “training,” a sizeable chunk of competition math was like this for me, too. Specifically, I got better at math competitions by taking a lot of old practice tests, so that many of the problems I encountered were variations on old problems I had seen before. I guess I performed moderately well at math competitions, and they were part of what made me want to come to MIT, but I don’t think they were particularly good at showing me what being a math major would be like. Some things haven’t changedâ€"as in high school, it helps to do practice problems, so you’re familiar with all the possible concepts and theorems you might be able to apply on an exam. It’s just that now there isn’t often enough time to practice enough, depending on what the rest of your schedule looks like. Also, theres less emphasis on memorizing material for exams, and homework is often weighted equally with exams. As a whole, homework is served in larger chunks than it is in high school, so its important to learn to manage your time. There are also fewer examples in class and fewer problems that are near identical to those in the textbook. Finally, a big change is that everything is proof-based (as I write this, I struggle to remember what it meant for math to not be proof-based). You’re basically given an ever-expanding toolbox of definitions and lemmas and theorems and have to tinker until you can assemble them into solutions to the problems you’re asked to solveâ€" it is a creative activity with strict rules and very little grounding in reality and applications. A great benefit of college math classes (besides GIRs) is that they’re full of people who actively like to think about math, and hopefully, if you’re a math major, you think math is pretty cool, too. It’s nice doing math with no expectation that it will be applicable in any way. I recently had to teach a section of a textbook for my math seminar, and it was all about applying the theory in the previous sections of the book to a physics problem (the displacement of a cantilever beam at rest with only the force of gravity acting on it, if you’re interested!!!). Even though I was tasked with presenting this part of the book, it was definitely not the section of the book I would consider the most interesting. I personally thought the fact that the material was applicable to a physics problem was much less exciting than the proofs in the previous sections. I am pretty sure no one is taking that seminar to learn about the ways in which math is applicable to physics. The main trend I have noticed is that math in college is much more intellectually stimulating and abstract than what I encountered in high school. By the way, if youre at all peeved by the way math is taught in your high school, or curious about what math is like when its separated from its applications, I urge you to read Lockhart’s Lament, which was required reading for the communication-intensive real analysis class (18.100C, now renamed 18.100Q) I took my freshman spring. It criticizes math education in grade school and argues that math is an artistic and creative pursuit that is not taught as suchâ€"but should be. He laments the fact that students find math boring and suggests that the mainstream pedagogy is at fault. Struggles: It really helps to develop a strong intuitive understanding of the material you’re learning, although sometimes it gets difficult because there are no good analogies to real life. Sometimes you get stuck rereading a definition over and over and over, trying to flip back to earlier definitions that the current definition refers to in an effort to regain understanding of all the concepts that the concept at hand relies on, but to no avail, because there’s some other relevant concept from a math class you took two years ago that you need to revisit, so you look it up on Wikipedia, but by the time you understand it again, you forget what you were originally looking at, so you’re left scrambling to retrace the string of things you referred to, and at this point you still haven’t even started to solve the actual problem… Sometimes. But most of the time it’s not that bad. Sometimes it’s just tedious, and sometimes you have to write out long expressions with a lot of symbols in order to rigorously explain something that’s much easier to explain intuitively. Lockharts Lament is nice, but at some point you also have to buckle down and slosh around in tedium and make sure that all your symbols are written correctly. Getting used to math in college and dealing with impostors syndrome: I took 18.022 my freshman fall and found that it helped ease me into the sort of proofs and thinking that the rest of my math classes required. Perhaps if I had jumped immediately into 18.100 I would have been overwhelmed; I know for sure that I wouldn’t have been able to handle 18.701. There are people who can, and seeing other freshmen sail through more advanced classes definitely freaked me out at times and stoked my first touches of impostor’s syndrome. Now, though, I don’t think I can adequately stress the importance of not going too fast. Because math classes often rely on definitions and material from prerequisites, these prerequisites are often super useful, unless youve actually learned the exact material from the class you want to skip. Of course, there are exceptions, but I often find it a lot more difficult to grasp mathematical concepts that Ive forgotten or skipped than to pick up other new material, like a programming language. I took 18.701 sophomore fall, and I attempted to take 18.702 last spring, but I ended up dropping it because I was overwhelmed by all the other stuff I was trying to do/learn. I was taking 18.125 concurrently. This semester, I once again made the poor choice of taking three math classes simultaneously, but I ended up dropping one of them last week because I simply could not handle it. I did not have enough time or energy to wrap my head around all the material, and I’m finally (finally) coming to recognize the importance of learning things well and deeply rather than learning them as fast as possible. Bear in mind that this sequence just happens to be what I ended up with, and it is not a recommendation that everybody should take those classes in this order. I am hesitant to give general advice about what classes to take and when because it depends so much on your personal background and how much time you have to devote to the class! A relevant article about impostors syndrome and the feeling of racing to learn math is “The Wrong Way to Treat Child Geniuses” by Jordan Ellenberg, a former “child prodigy” who is now a math professor at UW-Madison. This one might be particularly relevant to people who didn’t grow up being praised for being “good at math” or winning awards at math competitions. (This one’s also particularly hard to access without a WSJ subscription, sigh…) I’ve reproduced a relevant paragraph below: One of the most painful aspects of teaching mathematics is seeing my students damaged by the cult of the genius. That cult tells students that its not worth doing math unless youre the best at mathbecause those special few are the only ones whose contributions really count. We dont treat any other subject that way. Ive never heard a student say, I like Hamlet, but I dont really belong in AP Englishthat child who sits in the front row knows half the plays by heart, and he started reading Shakespeare when he was 7! Basketball players dont quit just because one of their teammates outshines them. But I see promising young mathematicians quit every year because someone in their range of vision is ahead of them. I think that MIT students, especially freshmen, are prone to psyching themselves out comparing themselves to all the people around them who have won the IMO or who were doing calculus in middle schoolâ€"but Ellenberg points out that this type of thinking sounds absurd when applied to other fields and skillsand there is no reason that it should apply to math more than any other field. One of the first math majors I met at MIT had never done math competitions in high school and hadnt had much exposure to higher-level math (i.e. calculus and beyond) coming into MIT, but he loved the math classes he was taking in college, so he began to register for more and more of them until he was thinking seriously about pursuing it as a profession. He was initially intimidated by his peers but enjoyed math so much that it was not a chore at all for him to devote significant amounts of time to mastering his coursework. He later became involved in research and is now pursuing his PhD in math at MIT! In summary, if you think math is cool, please consider continuing to study it in college, but bear in mind that college classes arent exactly like high school classes. And if you dont think math is cool, maybe it hast to do with the way math is taught in your school. Or maybe notnot everyone is destined to be a math major! And if youre intimidated and convinced that youll never be good enough at math, because other people seem to be so far ahead, well thats almost certainly not the caseits much more important that you enjoy the subject and dont try to jump ahead so quickly that you lose enjoyment of the subject in an attempt to catch up. If anyone has specific questions about classes or anything like that, I would also be happy to try to help you individually. I know I have been pretty absent from the blogslife update coming soonbut Im getting back in the swing of things. Sending you all strength and luck for pi day and all subsequent college and major choosing! Post Tagged #Course 18 - Mathematics #Imposter's Syndrome

Exclusionary Rule Assignment Fruit of the Poisonous Tree - 275 Words

Exclusionary Rule Assignment: Fruit of the Poisonous Tree (Essay Sample) Content: Exclusionary RuleInstructors NameInstitutionStudents NameCourse NameExclusionary RuleThe exclusionary rule in the USA refers to the legal principles that are under the constitutional law. The principles state that evidence collected or even analyzed in a way that violates the defendant's constitutional rights can sometimes be in dismissible for other criminal prosecution in the courts. During the search, my partner had issues that were relating to the exclusionary rule.The first issue was relating to the search that he conducted without the defendant's consent. It is always important to show the defendant the search warrant before going ahead with the search. The second issue is the issue of blackmail whereby, he tells the prostitute that she has to set up the dealer so that she will not get busted. It is not his duty to determine the innocence of the prostitute, and the call is unacceptable. The third issue regarding the process of obtaining the evidence was throug h setting up the dealer. He was asking the prostitute to set up the dealer by planting the cocaine in his pocket.The most aspect that is going to shock the conscience of the court is the act of my partner asking the prostitute to plant the cocaine in the pocket of the dealer if they do not find cocaine. It will be shocking because the courts have their target that is the drug dealer through t...

What Are The Differences Between Climate Change And Global...

Environmental Systems and Societies Task 1: Commit2Act Commitment: â€Å"To reduce the amount of plastic which I use† Task 2: Definitions: †¢ Anthropocentric: Regarding humankind as the central or most important element of existence, especially opposed to God. †¢ Biocentric: The view or belief that humans are not the focal point of existence or more important to any non- living or living organism. †¢ Eco-centri: a philosophy or perspective that places intrinsic value on all living organisms and their natural environment, regardless of their perceived usefulness or importance to human beings. Origin of ecocentrism Expand. Task 3: Ecological footprint: Estimation of 2.5 earths (Last year I completed the same series of questions and was told that my†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœGlobal warming’ has also been referred to by climatologists as the, â€Å"Increase in the average temperature at the surface of the earth or the lower part of the atmosphere.† (aph.gov.au) To summarise: Wednesday, 10 February 2016 Ultimately ‘climate change’ refers to any distinguishable changes in temperature or other environmental factors influenced by man or nature which can be marked on a global or local scale, whereas global warming refers to the earth’s average temperature increase, and is limited to the temperature change. 1 2. What is the greenhouse gas effect and what are the atmospheric gases responsible for this effect? Earth rising global temperature is primarily the result of greenhouse gases which have been ‘mirroring’ back more heat than they have in the past, due to their larger concentration. The most dominant greenhouse gases which have contributed to this predicament are water vapour and CO2. The emission of carbon dioxide into the environment has resulted from burning fossil fuels which has led to this greater concentration in greenhouse gases. The main greenhouse gases are: †¢ Water Vapour †¢ Carbon Dioxide †¢ Methane †¢ Ozone ...and... †¢ Nitrous Oxide The American Government officially released a report stating that the biggest source of greenhouse pollution (restricted to the United States) is electricity production, which, in 2013 generated over 31% of of greenhouse

Haircut Sports Clips Haircuts and Great Clips - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1427 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Compare and contrast essay Did you like this example? Mary A. Purchasing a service require more thought given the fact that most services are intangible things that consumer normally cannot touch, or taste. While it is a challenge for service providers to find the right marketing strategy for each of the service they provide, consumer’s on the other hand also face the challenge of choosing a service. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Haircut: Sports Clips Haircuts and Great Clips" essay for you Create order There a lot of factors that influence consumer service buying decisions. Most consumers may consider price, quality of service, needs and requirements, location and whether or not the type of service gives them the satisfaction they need. To examine how consumers make decision to choose one service provider over another, this paper looks at why consumers will choose the service of one service provider over the other in each of the categories listed below: Haircut: Sports Clips Haircuts and Great Clips Sport Clips Convenient locations, no appointment necessary, walk-in accepted anytime Refer-a-friend and get a free MVP Great customer experience and a great cut. Basic haircut is $12 at a discounted price and $17 at regular price Great Clips Basic hair cut cost $14 for adult and $12 for children and seniors Provide great customer experience Reward customers for referrals and provide coupons even when no referrals are made Ultimate convenience, online check-ins and walk-ins Preference: As a consumer, my choice will be Great Clips. The reason is that Great Clips have locations close to my home and the price is lower than Sport Clips, when the price is not discounted. I have not been to Sports Clips but the customer reviews I have had on certain Sport Clips location already gives me a bad impression about their customer service. Dentist: Aspen Dental and American Dental Center Aspen Dental Dentists are committed to treating customers with compassion and respect they deserve. They believe in providing care that addresses both your short- and long-termdental care needs. They promise to give comprehensive care in a judgment-free environment Their dentists treat each patient as if they were family. American Dental Center Emphasizes commitment to providing the best possible service and accepts nearly all insurance plans. They also have one of the highest Better Business Bureau ratings. They continue to strive on every level to support Ohio’s dental needs and customer service is their number one priority. Preference: I have never been to any of these locations, but after a few online searches, a look at the website and customer review, I will I will choose Aspen dental over American dental based on the great customer reviews. Automobile repair: Medas and Meineke Car Center Medas Competitive pricing for repair and service They charges $80 per hour for labor cost Offer coupons that allow customers to save on service cost Meineke Offer basic, preferred and performance brake repair They are franchise based and prices vary by location The charge about $80 per hour for labor cost Preference: In looking at both companies, I will not recommend or choose their service based on personal experience. I have been to both places based on some discount advertising they offered. At the end of the I ended up paying higher price than advertised and I felt deceived. After a few reviews on what other customers experience were with both companies, the reviews were not great and many of them have had same experience as I have. Airline: Delta Airlines and United Airlines Delta Airline Better ground (airport) services (check-in, gate areas, etc.) Easy upgrade and great customer service Better East coast and European route network. Punctual on time, fewer and shorter delays WiFi and Entertainment United Airline Quality food and more food (especially trans-con), and food served on shorter flights. Easy upgrade from any fare price (Premier Exec). Better West coast, trans-con, and Asian route network. Higher delays and poor on time performance WiFi and Entertainment Preference: I have flown with delta and United airlines and like the services of both companies. I will use any of the anytime I have to travel anywhere in the USA, but I will prefer Delta or United for international flights due to great customer experience I have with them on my international travel and will try United if anything should change. Higher education: Ohio Dominican University and Franklin University ODU Offer semester-based curriculum calendar system and provide about 41 majors. Most popular concentrations are Management, Business, Education, English and Literature, and General Studies. The graduation rate at Ohio Dominican University is 45%, average tuition pricing is very high, $27,600 per year. They have on-campus housing and Army ROTC programs are available at Ohio Dominican University. Franklin University Operates a trimester-based curriculum calendar system and offer only 23 majors. The most popular concentrations are Management, Business, Accounting and Finance, Marketing and Advertising, and Computer Science. Franklin University student retention rate is very low at 35% with a graduation rate of 39%. Average tuition prices are close to the nationwide median about $10,000 a year They also accept dual credits and credits for life experience (learned through independent study). Army ROTC programs are available at Franklin University. Preference: I will choose ODU over Franklin based on their course structure and location. I did a lot of searches and reviews on both school and the graduation rate was one factor I could not overlook. The fact the ODU was a religious school also played a role in my decision. From all the various factors that are influential to services buying decisions, the most often cited in the above examples are competitive pricing and quality of service. Consumers are always looking for great service at a reasonable price. Price is the number one factor consumer consider when buying a service. It is the money consumers pay for services in return for value and satisfaction. Consumers often determine if the service being offered actually meets their needs and requirements and also whether the service is worth the value of their money. This helps stirs up competition among sellers and it is important for Service Providers to understand what value means to potential consumers and how much mone y they are willing to sacrifice for a given service in return for value and satisfaction. Aside price, consumers need quality and credibility also affect services buying decision. Consumers want services that offer the greatest satisfaction and also meet their needs in the best way. Since every provider claims to sell the best service, potential consumers often compare services to determine which ones gives them the most value. In the case of Sport Clips and Great Clips, since the emphasis is on looks, consumers will choose the one that provide the best purchasing experience. Credibility is also important in consumers buying decisions. People want proof that other consumers have purchased the service and that the providers have built reputation overtime. They encourage sellers to provide information to show that similar consumers have struggled with their decisions but when they decided to purchase the service, they were happy with the results. Consumers often rely on reviews and comments made by previous customers. The more proof of information people get about a service, they are more open to buying that service knowing that other consumers bought the service and were happy with the result. Also the opinions of others or previous customers also affect the buying decision. Opinions of any kind are likely to encourage or discourage potential customers and increase their desirability about the service. When this happens, it lowers their resistance to the price and actually makes the product more appealing. Service providers often solicit opinions and testimonies letters from happy customers. Sometimes they show photographs of satisfied customers using their service to support their sales strategy. In the example of Delta and United Airlines, two of my friends used the service of these airlines for a trip to their summer vacations. Although both had great vacations, the other friend was disappointed with the service offered by United Airline. This experien ce is more likely to affect future decision when choosing between the two airlines. Finally, the way consumers make purchasing decisions have changed in today’s business due to information availability on social media and internet search tools. Consumers also resort to reviews, survey results and comparison of services published in the consumer report. Personally, I have used consumer report and internet sources for information on service buying decision. An example is during the purchase of my last car, I used information from consumer report and internet search for price comparison, extended warranty and repair cost issue, additional discounts offered by the dealer, customer service and after-sale services. The consumer report information was very helpful in my decision making.

Discussion on Whether Children are Being Over Medicated in U.S - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 609 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2018/12/17 Category Medicine Essay Type Argumentative essay Level High school Tags: Children Essay United States Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Studies done raised questions concerning children in U.S are being overmedicated. Some of the examples of the includes: according to the article written by Williams Parks, on 2008 revealed that most of the pediatrians have recommended use of the use of the medication to the children with sleeping disturbance. Greater percent of parents have used the over-the counter (OTC) medications to their children with sleep problem (Owens, 2003). Another example of why is thought children is being overmedicated is as follows: The report from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) indicated that more than 10, 000 toddlers are getting psychostimulant medication such as methylphenidate. This report reveals that the children are being overmedicated. As well National Center for Health Statistics report indicated that 7.5 percent of the American children fewer than 18 years are taking medication on behavioral or emotional difficulties. The study has shown that 1.3 percent of the children are taking antidepressants (Schwartz, 2014). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Discussion on Whether Children are Being Over Medicated in U.S" essay for you Create order Discussion based on data on the above studies In many cases the doctors recommend particular medication before carrying out tests for the particular diseases. Most of the parents instead of seeking the information to understand the reasons behind sleeping problems of the children then they recommend the use OTC medication for sleeping problem. OTC medication is not recommended to treat insomnia or to sleeping related problems but surprisingly is administered to the children with difficulties in sleeping. In this case it is clearly shown that children are being overmedicated because the medication being administered to them does not serve the right purpose to the children (Owens, 2003). In this case there is a problem which includes insomnia, attention – deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, depression, psychological problems which may result to sleeping disturbances but they are overlooked. The parent who used OTC medication has revealed side effects on their children and this is clear indication that children are being ov ermedicated. The parents needs to be educated so that when the children suffers from sleeping difficulties to seek prescription from doctors rather than OTC medication. When this is done then the unnecessary prescriptions of sleeping disorders on children will be reduced. Children are being diagnosed with ADHD and this is most related to overmedication of the psycho stimulants, psychotropic prescription and many other medications. In US greater percentage of the children are affected with ADHD and it has been believed to some extend this disorder is caused by overmedication. Parents, schools have blamed the psychiatrists but this issue of the overmedication is caused when parents resist medication but request it over –the –counter. This means the psychiatrists should be less blamed. Most of the children are having problem with psychiatric diseases and this means that this means that there is increased need of the psychiatric (Schwartz, 2014). Conclusion According to the examples and data collected it is clearly shown that children in American were being overmedicated. In the above evidences on increased number of the behavirial problems in children clearly shows that children are being medicated. Most of the children in US are experiencing problems because their children do not seek doctor medication but they prefer the medication over-the – counter. This has resulted to overmedication because some of the medication are being used for the wrong propose and that is why there is increased side effects as some of the parents reported. Therefore, parents need to seek medication from doctors but not what they prefer. Reference: Owens JA, Rosen CL, Mindell JA (2003). Medication use in the treatment of pediatric insomnia: results of a survey of community-based pediatricians. Pediatrics (online version), Volume 111, Number 5,? p.e628. Schwartz A (2014). Thousands of Toddlers Are Medicated for A.D.H.D., Report Finds, Raising Worries. New York Times,.

Job Satisfaction Mba Thesis Chapter 2 - Literature Review

Paaryveanthan Vellasamy (100227571) CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction â€Å"Job satisfaction does not seem to reduce absence, turnover and perhaps accident rates†. -Robert L. Kahn â€Å"Job satisfaction is a general attitude towards one’s job: the difference between the amount of reward workers receive and the amount they believe they should receive.† -P. Robbins Job satisfaction defines as â€Å"The amount of over all positive affect (or feeling) that individuals have toward their jobs.† -Hugh J. Arnold and Daniel C. Feldman â€Å"Job satisfaction is the amount of pleasure or contentment associated with a job. If you like your job intensely, you will experience high job satisfaction. If you dislike your job intensely, you will experience job†¦show more content†¦The present study posited that the profile of the employees as moderating variables are equally important with that of the independent variables specifically in testing the variation in job satisfaction. Also, profile of employee’s served as the bas is for testing the acceptance and rejection of the hypothesis. The profile includes age, gender, civil status, educational attainment, position, length of stay/service, and service location. Robbins (1989, p. 51) defines personality as â€Å"the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.† Research indicates that some people are predisposed by virtue of their personality to be more or less satisfied despite the changes to their working environment and other factors (Aamodt, 2004; Johns, 1996). This idea can apparently be traced back to the Hawthorne studies, which found that certain people were continually complaining about their jobs (Spector, 1996). No matter what the researchers did, the participants found a reason to complain. They concluded that their dissatisfaction is a product of their personality. 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Zoubir â€Æ' Table of Contents 1. Abstract 3 2. Introduction 4 3. Problem statement 4 4. Turnover definition 6 5. Analysis of employee turnover 8 6. Reason for leaving, Literature review 10 6.1. Global analysis 10 6.1.1. Work environment relatedRead MoreAn Evaluation on the Customer Relationship Management (Crm) Service Marketing (Sm) with Special Reference to Emirates Airline†30191 Words   |  121 PagesDate†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my work, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for the inter- library loan, and the title and summary to be made available to outside organizations. Signed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (Yasir) Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 â€Å"I dedicate this humble effort, The fruit of my thoughts and study To my affectionate Parents Who send me for higher education And encouraging me† CONTENTS PAGE 3 Acknowledgements Abstract Chapter One Introduction PurposeRead MoreAn Evaluation on the Customer Relationship Management (Crm) Service Marketing (Sm) with Special Reference to Emirates Airline†30204 Words   |  121 PagesSTATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my work, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for the inter- library loan, and the title and summary to be made available to outside organizations. Signed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (Yasir) Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 â€Å"I dedicate this humble effort, The fruit of my thoughts and study To my affectionate Parents Who send me for higher education And encouraging me† CONTENTS PAGE 3 Acknowledgements Abstract Chapter One Introduction

Please Also List Any Significant Or Meaningful Military

Please also list any significant or meaningful military history from your family not already included in your application. My paternal grandfather was in the United States Army and deployed overseas during WWII. After several months into his deployment, he was shot in the neck and evacuated out of France and given an honorable discharge. My maternal grandfather was in the Italian Army and was captured by American soldiers during WWII. He became a prisoner of war and agreed to help the American troops by providing intelligence to assist in the American invasions. My maternal grandfather s commitment to the American troops allowed him to immigrate to the United States where he became a contributing member of society and a dedicated family†¦show more content†¦While in high school, I was a top female athlete in my class. I played soccer and softball year-round and served as captain my senior year while concurrently volunteering for my local police department. I spent my summers working with the department, perpetuating my desire to live a life of public service. At the end of my senior year, I was recruited to play softball in college. As I weighed out my options, I knew my passion for service and leading would not be fulfilled by going to college. I decided the best way to continue to serve in a larger, more impactful way was to enlist in the military. Six months later, I was officially part of the Air Force as a police woman. Throughout my life, my parents instilled the importance of being educated and although I enlisted in the military, that did not stop me from pursuing my educational goals. Within six months of being assigned to my new base, I enrolled in college and started taking classes. By the second semester, I established a partnership with a local college so other airmen within my unit could take classes together and be collectively supportive of their educational endeavors. 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Desertification Essay Example For Students

Desertification Essay The worlds drylands, contrary to popular misconceptions of being barren unproductive land, contain some of the most valuable and vital ecosystems on the planet. These dryland environments have surprising diversity and resiliency, supporting over two billion people, approximately thirty-five percent of the global population (UNEP, 2003). In fact, approximately seventy percent of Africans depend directly on drylands for their daily livelihood (UNEP, 2003). However, these precious and crucial areas are at a crossroad, endangered and threatened by the devastating process of desertification. There are over one hundred definitions for the term desertification, however the most widely used and current definition is as follows: desertification refers to the land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions due to human activities and climate variations, often leading to the permanent loss of soil productivity and the thinning out of the vegetative cover (UNCCD, 2003). It is impor tant to note that desertification is not the expansion and contraction of deserts or hyper-arid territories, which grow and decrease both naturally and cyclically. French ecologist Louis Lavauden first used the term desertification in 1927 and French botanist Andre Aubreville, when witnessing the land degradation occurring in North and West Africa in 1949 popularized this term (Dregne, 242). The causes of desertification include overgrazing, overcultivation, deforestation and poor irrigation practices. Climatic variations, such as changes in wind speed, precipitation and temperature can influence or increase desertification rates, but they are not catalysts to the process- it is the exploitative actions of humans that trigger desertification (Glantz, 146). The most exploited area historically has been Africa. In the Sahel (transition zone between the Sahara and the Savanna) of West Africa during the period of 1968 to 1973, desertification was a main cause of the deaths of over 100,0 00 people and 12 million cattle, as well as the disruption of social organizations from villages to the national level (USGS, 1997). As a result of the catastrophic devastation in the Sahel, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) was held in Nairobi, Kenya in 1977, where an agreement was reached to eradicate desertification by the year 2000. Obviously this goal was not achieved. Countries and organizations, notably in the industrialized world, have been unwilling to provide significant and sufficient financial and economic aid to countries most impacted by this issue (Mainguet, 2003). Consequently, desertification is out of control, threatening the sustainability of the worlds environment, disrupting social structures and well-being, and impairing economic growth. This crisis reaches beyond the local, directly affected communities, impacting and jeopardizing world stability. Environmentally, desertification reduces the worlds freshwater reserves due to water over consumption and irrigation mismanagement, decreases genetic diversity through soil erosion and plant destruction, and also accelerates the carbon exchange process by damaging carbon sinks. Socially, desertification causes population displacement as people search for better living conditions, often leading to conflicts and wars. Another social consequence is a dramatic reduction in the worlds food supply due to the depletion of vital dryland vegetation and a decline in crop yields. Desertification is also linked to a number of health issues such as malnutrition, as clean water and sufficient food resources are extremely scarce. Economically, income potential is lost because land is unproductive, and monetary funds are devoted towards combating desertification, compromising economic growth and development. Crisis management becomes more important than achieving economic goals. Furthermore, increasing levels of poverty have resulted due to dire economic conditions. The internatio nal body must devote more time, resources and energy to find effective and long-term solutions that will benefit not only directly-affected areas, but the world at large. The devastating environmental, social and economic ramifications of desertification must be addressed immediately, cooperatively and without hesitation, before the window of opportunity is lost. Desertification has created and encouraged a number of major environmental problems, and has endangered the sustainability of a diverse and clean global environment. Through the use of poor irrigation practices and exploitative human actions for profit, water has been over consumed and desertification has occurred near areas surrounding fresh water supplies, reducing or depleting these reserves. In the desertification process, the shorelines and the aquatic land and soil becomes eroded, salinized and degraded. Thus, feeder rivers decline in quantity and supply, river flow rates decrease and ultimately freshwater reserves ar e polluted and/or reduced. The reduction of river flow rates and the lowering of groundwater levels leads to the silting up of estuaries, the encroachment of salt water into water tables, and the pollution of water by suspended particles and salination (FAO, 2003). These problems are particularly evident in the Aral Sea in Asia, which at one point was the fourth largest lake in the world (Aral Sea Homepage, 2002). During the Soviet era in the 1960s and 1970s, the communist central planners had little regard for water conservation, and over consumed this resource. In order to meet the demand for agricultural irrigation the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) diverted water from rivers that flowed into the Aral Sea (Pacific Island Travel: Desertification, 1999). These exploitative actions dropped water levels by one-third because feeder rivers could no longer replenish the large lake, as illustrated in Appendix 1 (Pacific Island Travel: Desertification, 1999). Not only has the shorelines of the Aral Sea declined, but Lake Chad in Africa has followed a similar fate. Desertification in the Lake Chad region has dropped water levels far below the average dry season amount of 10,000 square kilometers to only 839 square kilometers (Earth Crash Earth Spirit, 2001). The reduction of water levels in Lake Chad and the Aral Sea decreases their ability to moderate the local climate, resulting in more extreme variations in temperature and precipitation. Therefore, local ecosystems are disrupted and even destroyed, as the climate becomes more continental in nature, and vital water supplies are scarce or depleted. Desertification reduces the biodiversity and genetic diversity of dryland ecosystems, impairing the sustainability of plants, animals and even humans in these regions. As a consequence of desertification, the soil of arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas becomes eroded, resulting in unproductive and literally useless land. This disrupts the habitats and food sources for many organisms, making sustainable life in these areas very difficult (FAO, 2003). Furthermore, because of freshwater and food scarcity, the life expectancy and actual existence for many species is threatened. This grave consequence was evident in the western African country of Mauritania, where the desertification process, from 1970 to 1980, killed approximately 15,000 people and over 500,000 various plants and animals were eradicated (CIESIN, 2003). Unfortunately, as the severity of desertification escalates in countries like Mauritania, it becomes extremely difficult to maintain biologically diverse ecosystems ne eded to support the lives of plants, animals and humans. Through the ecological destruction and imbalance caused by desertification, the carbon exchange process is accelerated. Dryland vegetation and soil are crucial storage devices for carbon, and contain practically half the total quantity of carbon (FAO, 2003). Once these elements thin out or become unproductive due to desertification, carbon is released into the atmosphere. It is estimated that for every hectare of dryland vegetation or soil that is depleted or unusable, 30 tonnes of carbon is no longer stored and is released into the atmosphere (FAO, 2003). This elevation of atmospheric carbon contributes to the greenhouse effect and global warming. Heart Of Darkness/symbolizm EssayDesertification is directly linked to the mass poverty occurring in the developing world. Individuals consistently endure an impoverished lifestyle because income potential is foregone, and resources are devoted towards rehabilitation, therefore scarce economic funds are depleted. United Nations Secretary Kofi Anna states: Because the poor often farm degraded land, desertification is both a cause and consequence to poverty Fighting desertification must be an integral part of our wider efforts to eradicate poverty (Environment News Service, 2003). If the desertification process continues to grow exponentially, mass poverty will also increase both in size and in severity. Thus, in order to address poverty, desertification must be contained and controlled. Currently, desertification affects over 250 million people and a third of the earths land surface (4 billion hectares) (UNCCD, 2003). In addition, the livelihoods of over one billion people in over 100 countries are indirectly threatened (UNCCD, 2003), as shown in the map in Appendix 4. It is estimated that in the next 50 years, another billion people will fall victim to the wrath of desertification and its related environmental, social, and economic ramifications (CIESIN, 2003). The depletion and contamination of fresh water sources, the reduction in biodiversity, and the acceleration of the carbon cycle make desertification devastating to the sustainability of the environment. Socially, desertification forces people to migrate which may eventually lead to wars or conflicts, creates a major catastrophe for the worlds food supply, and is scientifically correlated to major health concerns, even epidemics such as malaria. The economic status of developing countries impacted by the dese rtification process is jeopardized as high levels of income are foregone, and resources are devoted towards rehabilitation, not towards growth and development. Furthermore, poverty in African and Asian nations has grown exponentially due to this process, creating humanitarian and economic crises. The worlds future is at stake, and it is imperative that the global community acts now. Desertification is a preventable process, but requires a coordinated approach involving effort from the local, national and global communities. Local and national governments must implement methods of soil and water conservation, and utilize traditional agricultural systems that support positive environmental strategies. The industrialized world must supply the economic and technological aid necessary for these conservation techniques (UNCCD, 2003). Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite technology is a modern technique that can be effectively used in combating desertification. GPS satellites can actu ally pinpoint and locate areas vulnerable or prone to desertification, acting as excellent early warning signs. This allows governments to implement various techniques and policies to prevent damage done by desertification. As former United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated in a letter to governors on February 26, 1937, a nation that destroys its soil, destroys itself (Dingle, 2003). The battle to combat desertification is a war that can be lost, but must be won. Now is the time to win the fight before this glimmer of hope disappears. Appendix 1: Time-Series Photos of the Aral SeaSource: Aral Sea Homepage, 2002These pictures were taken using LANDSAT TM satellite technology. The reddish shade represents the vegetation around the Aral Sea. The northern part of the image is the shoreline of the sea. Notice how in 1979 the shoreline is quite large, while in 1989 it is non-existent, illustrating the decreasing water levels. What is also striking is the white shade on the sate llite photo from 1989. This represents an artificial saltpan, caused by desertification and desiccation. Appendix 2: World Map of Armed Conflicts and DesertificationSource: CIESIN, 2003Most of the armed conflicts occurring from 1989-97 are in highly desertified areas. Thus, there is a strong positive correlation between desertification and armed conflict. Appendix 3: Map of Desertification Vulnerability and Malaria Risk in AfricaFor both maps, red represents the highest severity, followed by orange, yellow, green and lastly white. In desertified areas, much of the population is at risk of malaria, thus there is a strong, positive correlation between desertification and malaria. Appendix 4: World Map of Desertification VulnerabilitySource: CIESIN, 2003Works CitedAral Sea Homepage. Aral Sea Region: Kyzylorda Oblast, Kazakhstan. 2002. . CIESIN: Center for Earth Science Information Network. Global Desertification Dimensions and Costs. 29 July 2003. . DEWA: Divisions of Warning and Assessment, United Nations. Desertification and Drought Identification. 2002. . Dingle, Carol, et al. Franklin D. Roosevelt Quotations. 2003. . Dregne, H.E., et al. Desertification of Arid Lands. New York: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1983. Earth Crash Earth Spirit. Lake Chad, Once One of Africas Largest Lakes, Now Only 1/20th Its Size in 1960 Due to Irrigation Demands, Increase in Devastating Droughts, Desertification Due to Climate Change. 27 February 2001. . ECHO: Educational Concerns for Hunger Organization. Dryland Farming in Africa. 2003. . Eden Foundation. Desertification- a threat to the Sahel. March 2000. . Environment News Service. World Struggles to Fend off Desertification. 17 June 2003. . FAO: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Desertification. 2003. . Forse, Bill. The myths of the marching desert. New Scientist Apr. 1989: 31-32. Glantz, M.H. Desertification: A Review of Concept. Boulder: Westview Press, 1983. IALC: International Arid Lands Consortium. Highlights. 2002. . IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development. Desertification is a Global Issue. 2003. . Koohafkan, A.P. SD Dimensions: Desertification, drought and their consequences. May 1996. . Mainguet, Monique, et al. Man-Induced Desertification?: Lecture. 17 October 2003. . OSEI: Operational Significant Event Imagery. Dust Storms. 17 October 2003. . Pacific Island Travel: Desertification. Desertification and the Aral Sea. 1999. . Reich, Paul, et al. Land Degradation and Desertification in Desert Margins. 2002. . Smith, Olanrewaju, et al. Desertification: Myths and Realities. 10 June 1999. . Sweet, Lois. Margins of Hope. 26 May 1999. . Tiempo Climate. Desertification and climate change. 1993. . UNCCD: Secretariat of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. Knowledge Base. 19 March 2003. . UNDP: United Nations Development Programme. Drylands Development Centre. 2003. . UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme. Drylands. 2003. USGS: United States Geological Survey. Desertification. 29 October 1997. . Warren, Andrew, et al. An assessment of desertification and land degradation in arid and semi-arid areas. London: International Institute for Environment and Development, 1988. Waser, Katherine. The Convention to Combat Desertification Part 1: Africa and the Mediterranean. 1996. . WHO Africa: World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa. Malaria Control. 19 October 2003. WHO Denmark: World Health Organization. Desertification and drought greatly affects Africans health. 10 December 2002. . Wu, Jianguo. Desertification. Phoenix: Arizona State University West, Department of Life Sciences, 2001.